Free Access
Issue
Med Sci (Paris)
Volume 31, Number 11, Novembre 2015
Page(s) 979 - 988
Section M/S Revues
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20153111012
Published online 17 November 2015
  1. Galic MA, Riazi K, Pittman QJ. Cytokines and brain excitability. Front Neuroendocrinol 2012 ; 33 : 116–125. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Galea I, Bechmann I, Perry VH. What is immune privilege (not)? Trends Immunol 2007 ; 28 : 12–18. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Amor S, Puentes F, Baker D, van der Valk P. Inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Immunology 2010 ; 129 : 154–169. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Lee H, Lee S, Cho IH, Lee SJ. Toll-like receptors: sensor molecules for detecting damage to the nervous system. Curr Prot Pept Sci 2013 ; 14 : 33–42. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  5. Tang D, Kang R, Coyne CB, et al. PAMPs and DAMPs : signal 0s that spur autophagy and immunity. Immunol Rev 2012 ; 249 : 158–175. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cunningham C. Microglia and neurodegeneration: the role of systemic inflammation. Glia 2013 ; 61 : 71–90. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gomez Perdiguero E, Klapproth K, Schulz C, et al. Tissue-resident macrophages originate from yolk-sac-derived erythro-myeloid progenitors. Nature 2015 ; 518 : 547–551. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Ajami B, Bennett JL, Krieger C, et al. Local self-renewal can sustain CNS microglia maintenance and function throughout adult life. Nat Neurosci 2007 ; 10 : 1538–1543. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Chen SK, Tvrdik P, Peden E, et al. Hematopoietic origin of pathological grooming in Hoxb8 mutant mice. Cell 2010 ; 141 : 775–785. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Tremblay ME, Stevens B, Sierra A, et al. The role of microglia in the healthy brain. J Neurosci 2011 ; 31 : 16064–16069. [Google Scholar]
  11. Hanke ML, Kielian T. Toll-like receptors in health and disease in the brain: mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Clin Sci (Lond) 2011 ; 12 : 367–387. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  12. Boche D, Perry VH, Nicoll JAR. Review: activation patterns of microglia and their identification in the human brain. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2013 ; 39 : 3–18. [Google Scholar]
  13. Eggen BJL, Raj D, Hanisch UK, Boddeke HWGM. Microglial phenotype and adaptation. J Neuroimmunol Pharmacol 2013 ; 8 : 807–823. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  14. Norden DM, Godbout JP. Review: microglia of the aged brain: primed to be activated and resistant to regulation. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2013 ; 39 : 19–34. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Suzumura A. Neuron-microglia interaction in neuroinflammation. Curr Prot Pept Sci 2013 ; 14 : 16–20. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  16. Ménager P, Roux P, Mégret F, et al. Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) plays a major role in the formation of rabies virus Negri bodies. PLoS Pathog 2009 ; 5 : e1000315. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Iliff JJ, Wang M, Liao Y, et al. A paravascular pathway facilitates CSF flow through the brain parenchyma and the clearance of interstitial solutes, including amyloid β. Sci Trans Med 2012 ; 4 : 147ra111. [Google Scholar]
  18. Bélanger M, Magistretti PJ. The role of astroglia in neuroprotection. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2009 ; 11 : 281–295. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Nedergaard M, Verkhratsky A. Artifact versus reality: how astrocytes contribute to synaptic events. Glia 2012 ; 60 : 1013–1023. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Farina C, Aloisi F, Meinl E. Astrocytes are active players in cerebral innate immunity. Trends Immunol 2007 ; 28 : 138–145. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Gimsa U, Mitchison NA, Brunner-Weinzierl MC. Immune privilege as an intrinsic CNS property: astrocytes protect the CNS against T-cell-mediated neuroinflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2013 ; 2013 : 320519. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Jäger A, Dardalhon V, Sobel RA, et al. Th1, Th17, and Th9 effector cells induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with different pathological phenotypes. J Immunol 2009 ; 183 : 7169–7177. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Müller FJ, Snyder EY, Loring JF. Gene therapy: can neural stem cells deliver? Nat Rev Neurosci 2006 ; 1 : 75–84. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  24. Baumann N, Pham-Dinh D. Biology of oligodendrocyte and myelin in the mammalian central nervous system. Physiol Rev 2001 ; 81 : 871–927. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Wake H, Lee PR, Fields RD. Control of local protein synthesis and initial events in myelination by action potentials. Science 2011 ; 333 : 1647–1651. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Frühbeis C, Fröhlich D, Kuo WP, et al. Neurotransmitter-triggered transfer of exosomes mediates oligodendrocyte-neuron communication. PLoS Biol 2013 ; 11 : e1001604. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Ousman SS, Kubes P. Immune surveillance in the central nervous system. Nat Neurosci 2013 ; 15 : 1096–1101. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  28. Reboldi A, Coisne C, Baumjohann D, et al. C-C chemokine receptor 6-regulated entry of TH-17 cells into the CNS through the choroid plexus is required for the initiation of EAE. Nat Immunol 2009 ; 10 : 514–523. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Louveau A, Smirnov I, Keyes TJ, et al. Structural and functional features of central nervous system lymphatic vessels. Nature 2015 ; 523 : 337–341. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Aspelund A, Antila S, Proulx ST, et al. A dural lymphatic vascular system that drains brain interstitial fluid and macromolecules. J Exp Med 2015 ; 212 : 991–999. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Bechmann I, Galea I, Perry VH. What is the blood-brain barrier (not)? Trends Immunol 2007 ; 28 : 5–11. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Ransohoff RM, Engelhardt B. The anatomical and cellular basis of immune surveillance in the central nervous system. Nat Rev Immunol 2012 ; 12 : 623–635. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Carare RO, Hawkes CA, Weller RO. Afferent and efferent immunological pathways of the brain. Anatomy, function and failure. Brain Behav Immun 2013 ; 59 : 11–14. [Google Scholar]
  34. Takeshita Y, Ransohoff RM. Inflammatory cell-trafficking across the blood-brain barrier: chemokine regulation and in vitro models. Immunol Rev 2012 ; 248 : 228–239. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Lampron A, Elali A, Rivest S. Innate immunity in the CNS: redefining the relationship between the CNS and its environment. Neuron 2013 ; 78 : 214–232. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Nagajima K, Kohsaka S. Microglia: neuroprotective and neurotrophic cells in the central nervous system. Curr Drug Targets Cardiovasc Haematol Disord 2004 ; 4 : 65–84. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Rawji KS, Yong VW. The benefits and detriments of microphages/microglia in models of multiple sclerosis. Clin Dev Immunol 2013 ; 2013 : 948976. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Hanamsagar R, Hanke ML, Kielian T. Toll-like receptor (TLR) and inflammasome action in the central nervous system. Trends Immunol 2012 ; 33 : 333–342. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. McPherson RC, Anderton MC. Adaptive immune responses in CNS autoimmune disease: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2013 ; 8 : 774–790. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Audinat E, Arnoux I. La microglie : des cellules immunitaires qui sculptent et contrôlent les synapses neuronales. Med Sci (Paris) 2014 ; 30 : 153–159. [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Le Louveau A. drainage lymphatique cérébral : implication dans la tolérance immunitaire. Med Sci (Paris) 2015 ; 31 : 953–956. [CrossRef] [EDP Sciences] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.