Issue |
Med Sci (Paris)
Volume 31, Number 10, Octobre 2015
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 904 - 911 | |
Section | M/S Revues | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20153110017 | |
Published online | 19 October 2015 |
Interfaces cerveau-ordinateur, locked-in syndrome et troubles de la conscience
Brain-computer interfaces, Locked-In syndrome, and disorders of consciousness
1
Coma Science Group, Cyclotron research centre and neurology department, université de Liège, allée du 6 Août, Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgique
2
School of engineering and institute for brain science, Brown university, 2 Stimson avenue, 02912 Providence, Rhode Island, États-Unis
3
Laboratory for neuroimaging of coma and consciousness, Massachusetts general hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, États-Unis
4
Department of physical medicine and rehabilitation, Spaulding rehabilitation hospital and Harvard medical school, Boston, Massachusetts, États-Unis
5
Brain innovation B.V., Maastricht, Pays-Bas
La détection de signes de conscience chez des patients souffrant de graves lésions cérébrales constitue un véritable défi pour les cliniciens. Actuellement, la norme de référence pour le diagnostic clinique est l’évaluation comportementale. Cependant, celle-ci dépend des capacités motrices qui sont souvent diminuées chez ces patients. Dans ce contexte, les interfaces cerveau-ordinateur pourraient offrir un outil diagnostique complémentaire, indépendant des voies motrices. Ces interfaces pourraient également fournir un moyen de communication pour les patients victimes de tétraplégie, comme les patients atteints de locked-in syndrome. Dans cet article, nous présentons les travaux de recherche récents menés au sein du Coma Science Group dans le domaine des interfaces cerveau-ordinateur, visant à améliorer le diagnostic et la communication de ces patients.
Abstract
Detecting signs of consciousness in patients with severe brain injury constitutes a real challenge for clinicians. The current gold standard in clinical diagnosis is the behavioral scale relying on motor abilities, which are often impaired or nonexistent in these patients. In this context, brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) could offer a potential complementary tool to detect signs of consciousness whilst bypassing the usual motor pathway. In addition to complementing behavioral assessments and potentially reducing error rate, BCIs could also serve as a communication tool for paralyzed but conscious patients, e.g., suffering from Locked-In Syndrome. In this paper, we report on recent work conducted by the Coma Science Group on BCI technology, aiming to optimize diagnosis and communication in patients with disorders of consciousness and Locked-In syndrome.
© 2015 médecine/sciences – Inserm
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