Issue |
Med Sci (Paris)
Volume 31, Number 3, Mars 2015
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 304 - 311 | |
Section | M/S Revues | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/20153103016 | |
Published online | 08 April 2015 |
Le génome intime… et en trois dimensions
The intimate genome… in three dimensions
Université de Toulouse, université Paul Sabatier, laboratoire de biologie moléculaire des eucaryotes, CNRS, 118 route de Narbonne, 31000
Toulouse, France
*
david.umlauf@ibcg.biotoul.fr
Au cours de la dernière décennie, les différentes techniques dites de capture de la conformation des chromosomes (3C) ont accéléré notre compréhension de l’architecture nucléaire des cellules eucaryotes. Couplées aux technologies de séquençage à haut débit et aux traitements bio-informatiques, elles ont révélé différents niveaux d’organisation du génome à une échelle sans précédent. Il est maintenant possible d’appliquer ces techniques à l’étude d’une cellule unique, afin de déterminer les propriétés de repliement des chromosomes et de comprendre comment ces derniers interagissent les uns avec les autres. Ces résultats vont au-delà de ce qui était connu et démontrent la puissance des approches de type 3C.
Abstract
Over the past decade, techniques based on chromosome conformation capture (3C) have accelerated our understanding of eukaryote’s nuclear architecture. Coupled to high throughput sequencing and bioinformatics they have unveiled different organizational levels of the genome at an unprecedented scale. Initially performed using large populations of cells, a new variant of these techniques can be applied to single cell. Although it can be shown that chromosome folding varies from one cell to the other, their overall organization into topologically associating domains is conserved between cells of the same population. Interestingly, the predicted chromosome structures reveal that regions engaged in trans-chromosomal interactions are preferentially localized at the surface of the chromosome territory. These results confirm and extend previous observations on individual loci therefore highlighting the power of 3C based techniques.
© 2015 médecine/sciences – Inserm
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