Issue |
Med Sci (Paris)
Volume 29, Number 1, Janvier 2013
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 65 - 73 | |
Section | M/S Revues | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2013291015 | |
Published online | 25 January 2013 |
Lupus érythémateux systémique
Traitements par anticorps monoclonaux et molécules recombinantes
Recombinant proteins or monoclonal antibodies: comparative properties and interest in systemic lupus erythematosus
1
Service de médecine interne, hôpital Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
2
Inserm U1016, institut Cochin, Paris, France
3
CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
4
Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
L’avènement des immunothérapies ciblées ou biothérapies a apporté une nouvelle dimension dans la prise en charge thérapeutique des maladies auto-immunes. Ces biothérapies sont essentiellement des anticorps monoclonaux ou des protéines de fusion, dont les mécanismes d’action sont multiples : déplétion d’une population cellulaire et blocage de cytokines ou de molécules de coactivation lymphocytaire. Dans le cadre du traitement du lupus érythémateux systémique (LES), un anticorps monoclonal dirigé contre la cytokine BAFF (B-cell activating factor) ou BLyS (B-lymphocyte stimulator), essentielle au lymphocyte B, vient pour la première fois de démontrer son efficacité dans une grande étude randomisée. D’autres perspectives thérapeutiques ciblées sont également en plein développement.
Abstract
The emergence of biologic therapies, such as monoclonal antibodies or recombinant fusion proteins, have revolutionized the management of autoimmune disorders, in particular rheumatoid arthritis. These biologic agents have been engineered to deplete key cellular populations or to block cytokines or molecules involved in the activation and/or the differentiation of immune cells, such as T cells or B cells. In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a monoclonal antibody directed against the B-cell activating factor of the TNF family (BAFF or BLyS), belimumab, has demonstrated its efficacy in large, randomized and placebo-controlled studies, whereas rituximab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 expressed by B cells, failed to achieve his primary endpoint in renal and non-renal SLE. Studies on the safety and the efficacy of monoclonal antibodies or recombinant fusion proteins directed against other key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of SLE are ongoing.
© 2013 médecine/sciences – Inserm / SRMS
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