Issue |
Med Sci (Paris)
Volume 28, Number 1, Janvier 2012
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 63 - 68 | |
Section | M/S Revues | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2012281018 | |
Published online | 27 January 2012 |
Les souris ne sont pas des hommes et pourtant…
Ce que les souris humanisées nous apprennent sur les maladies infectieuses
Mice are not Men and yet… How humanized mice inform us about human infectious diseases
1
1 Virologie humaine, INSERM-U758, École normale supérieure, 2 UMS 3444 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
2
UMS 3444 BioSciences Lyon-Gerland, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France
3
Établissement français du sang, 1-3, rue du Vercors, 69007 Lyon, France
**
madeleine.duc.dodon@ens-lyon.fr
L’étude des pathologies humaines est souvent limitée par l’absence de modèle animal approprié. La souris est le modèle le plus fréquemment utilisé pour l’étude des maladies infectieuses humaines. Cependant, un grand nombre d’agents infectieux spécifiques de l’homme n’infectent pas la souris. Ces vingt dernières années, la greffe de cellules progénitrices ou de tissus humains chez des souris immunodéficientes a permis de générer des souris dites humanisées. Bien que ces modèles demandent encore à être améliorés, ils ont permis de reproduire chez la souris certains aspects des pathologies humaines et laissent ainsi espérer le développement dans un futur proche de thérapies innovantes.
Abstract
The study of human pathologies is often limited by the absence of animal models which are robust, cost-effective and reproduce the hallmarks of human infections. While mice have been frequently employed to study human diseases, many of important pathogens display unique human tropism. These last two decades the graft of human progenitor cells or tissues into immunodeficient mice has allowed the elaboration of so called humanized mice. Humanized mouse technology has made rapid progress, and it is now possible to achieve high levels of human chimerism in various organs and tissues, particularly the immune system and the liver. The review briefly summarizes the different models of humanized mice available for in vivo experiments. With a focus on lymphotropic, monocytotropic and hepatotropic viruses, we here discuss the current status and future prospects of these models for studying the pathogenesis of infectious diseases. Furthermore, they provide a powerful tool for the development of innovative therapies.
© 2012 médecine/sciences – Inserm / SRMS
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