Issue |
Med Sci (Paris)
Volume 26, Number 4, Avril 2010
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 417 - 421 | |
Section | M/S revues | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2010264417 | |
Published online | 15 April 2010 |
Effets non osseux de la vitamine D
Non phosphocalcic actions of vitamin D
1
Service de néphrologie et dialyses, Hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
2
Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
3
Service d’explorations fonctionnelles, Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, AP-HP, Paris
4
Université Paris Descartes, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
5
Service de transplantation rénale, Hôpital Necker-Enfants malades, AP-HP
*
marie.courbebaisse@tnn.aphp.fr
*
eric.thervet@nck.aphp.fr
Actuellement, la vitamine D doit être considérée comme une prohormone dont les effets dépassent la prévention du rachitisme/ostéomalacie. De nombreux tissus sont capables de convertir localement la 25-hydroxyvitamine D en calcitriol qui aura alors des actions auto/paracrines sur la prolifération et la différenciation cellulaires, l’apoptose, les sécrétions d’insuline et de rénine, la production d’interleukines et la bactéricidie. Des données épidémiologiques et expérimentales sont en faveur d’un rôle protecteur de la vitamine D contre les cancers, le diabète de type 2, les maladies cardiovasculaires, auto-immunes, infectieuses, rénales et le déficit musculaire. Quelques études d’intervention confirment certains de ces effets.
Abstract
Vitamin D cannot any more be considered as exclusively necessary to prevent rickets or osteomalacia. Calcitriol produced in the kidney is known to have classical endocrine phosphocalcic properties. However, many other tissues express both vitamin D receptor and 1α-hydroxylase and can convert 25-hydroxy vitamin D into calcitriol. Calcitriol produced locally is considered to have autocrine and paracrine actions on cellular proliferation and differentiation, apoptosis, insulin and renin secretion, interleukin and bactericidal proteins production. Epidemiologic and experimental data argue in favour of a protective role of vitamin D against cancers, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular, auto-immune and infectious diseases, chronic kidney disease and loss of muscular strength. A few interventional studies confirm the protective effect of vitamin D against cancers, intermediate markers of cardiovascular risk, epidemic influenza, albuminuria and risk of fall. We present here the non phosphocalcic actions of vitamin D.
© 2010 médecine/sciences - Inserm / SRMS
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