| Issue |
Med Sci (Paris)
Volume 25, Number 4, Avril 2009
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Page(s) | 391 - 397 | |
| Section | M/S revues | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2009254391 | |
| Published online | 15 April 2009 | |
Canaux potassiques et physiologie de l’épithélium respiratoire
K+ channels and lung epithelial physiology
Centre de recherche, Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Hôtel-Dieu, 3840, St-Urbain, Montréal, Québec H2W 1T8 Canada
Département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
*
emmanuelle.brochiero@umontreal.ca
Plus de 30 canaux potassiques différents, appartenant aux 3 principales classes de canaux K+, sont exprimés au sein de l’épithélium respiratoire recouvrant les voies aériennes et les alvéoles. La signification physiologique de cette diversité est encore mal connue et relativement peu étudiée. Pourtant, plusieurs études ont démontré un rôle crucial des canaux KvLQT1, KCa et KATP dans le transport ionique et liquidien, participant ainsi à la régulation de la composition et du volume des fluides pulmonaires. D’autre part, ils participent à d’autres fonctions essentielles, telles que l’adaptation au niveau d’oxygène ou la capacité de l’épithélium à se défendre contre les agressions extérieures.
Abstract
Transcripts of more than 30 different K+ channels have been detected in the respiratory epithelium lining airways and alveoli. These channels belong to the 3 main classes of K+ channels, i.e. i) voltage-dependent or calcium-activated, 6 transmembrane segments (TM), ii) 2-pores 4-TM and iii) inward-rectified 2-TM channels. The physiological and functional significance of this high molecular diversity of lung epithelial K+ channels is not well understood. Surprisingly, relatively few studies are focused on K+ channel function in lung epithelial physiology. Nevertheless, several studies have shown that KvLQT1, KCa and KATP K+ channels play a crucial role in ion and fluid transport, contributing to the control of airway and alveolar surface liquid composition and volume. K+ channels are involved in other key functions, such as O2 sensing or the capacity of the respiratory epithelia to repair after injury. This mini-review aims to discuss potential functions of lung K+ channels.
© 2009 médecine/sciences - Inserm / SRMS
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