Issue |
Med Sci (Paris)
Volume 25, Number 6-7, Juin-Juillet 2009
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 578 - 584 | |
Section | Dossier Biologie des systèmes | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2009256-7578 | |
Published online | 15 June 2009 |
Biologie systémique
Des concepts d’hier aux découvertes de demain
Systems biology: from yesterday’s concepts to tomorrow’s discoveries
1
Center for cancer systems biology (CCSB) and Department of cancer biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 1, Jimmy Fund Way, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, États-Unis
2
Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, 77, avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, États-Unis
3
TIMC-IMAG, CNRS UMR5525, Faculté de médecine, 38706 La Tronche Cedex, France
4
Inserm U833, Collège de France, Chaire de médecine expérimentale, 75005 Paris, France
*
marc_vidal@dfci.harvard.edu
*
anne-ruxandra_carvunis@dfci.harvard.edu
L’idée selon laquelle les gènes et leurs produits sont les unités fondamentales de la biologie a profondément marqué la pensée scientifique de la seconde moitié du xxe siècle. Aujourd’hui, cette approche réductionniste est remise en cause par la renaissance de la biologie systémique, qui a pour objets d’étude les systèmes formés par les produits de gènes en interaction. Le développement de cette discipline est intimement lié aux développements biotechnologiques qui permettent d’interroger ces interactions systématiquement, ainsi qu’aux avancées théoriques qui rendent possible leur modélisation. En recherche fondamentale comme biomédicale, la biologie systémique s’affirme comme un paradigme de choix pour comprendre les propriétés émergentes des systèmes biologiques complexes.
Abstract
The idea that genes and their products are the fundamental units of biology has profoundly influenced our scientific thinking during the second half of the past century. Today, this reductionism is challenged by a renaissance of a systems understanding of biology, focusing on the systems formed by interacting gene products rather than on individual gene products. This discipline, based on a complementary and more holistic approach, keeps expanding its scope thanks to biotechnological innovations as well as theoretical modeling. This review aims at showing how and why, since the beginning of the 21st century, in fundamental as well as biomedical research, systems biology is proving a promising paradigm for understanding emerging properties of complex biological systems.
© 2009 médecine/sciences - Inserm / SRMS
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