Issue |
Med Sci (Paris)
Volume 38, Number 2, Février 2022
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 152 - 158 | |
Section | M/S Revues | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2022007 | |
Published online | 18 February 2022 |
Circulation du virus de la dengue en Afrique de l’Ouest
Une problématique émergente de santé publique
Dengue virus circulation in West Africa: An emerging public health issue
1
Laboratoire national de référence des fièvres hémorragiques virales, Centre Muraz, Institut national de santé publique (INSP), Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
2
Laboratoire central de référence, INSP, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
3
Centre Muraz, INSP, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
4
Expertise France, Paris, France
5
Centre des opérations de réponse aux urgences sanitaires (CORUS), INSP, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
6
INSP, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
7
Pathogenèse et contrôle des infections chroniques, université de Montpellier, Inserm, Établissement français du sang, 60 rue de Navacelles, 34000 Montpellier, France
La dengue est l’arbovirose la plus répandue dans le monde avec environ 390 millions de cas par an, dont 96 millions présentent des manifestations cliniques, avec plus de 25 152 décès annuels répertoriés. Le diagnostic clinique de la dengue en Afrique de l’Ouest est rendu difficile par l’existence d’autres maladies présentant des tableaux cliniques similaires. Il est donc nécessaire de mettre en place des systèmes de surveillance des infections fébriles d’origine inconnue en Afrique, en renforçant les capacités diagnostiques des laboratoires nationaux.
Abstract
Dengue is the most widespread arbovirosis in the world, with approximately 390 million cases per year, 96 millions of which have clinical manifestations and 25,000 deaths. In West Africa, the circulation of this virus in human populations was first reported in the 1960s in Nigeria. Clinical diagnosis of dengue in West Africa is made difficult by the existence of other diseases with similar clinical presentations. Biological diagnosis remains therefore the only alternative. This biological diagnosis requires high quality equipment and well-trained personnel, which are not always available in resource-limited countries. Thus, many cases of dengue fever are consistently reported as malaria, leading to mismanagement, which can have serious consequences on the health status of patients. It is therefore necessary to set up surveillance systems for febrile infections of unknown origin in Africa by strengthening the diagnostic capacities of national laboratories.
© 2022 médecine/sciences – Inserm
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